Discussion about CLINICAL CASES !!!

USMLE step 1 questions…

A 7-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his mother. He complains of sharp pain in his flanks, as well as dysuria and frequency. The doctor orders a 24-hour urine calcium test, and the results come back abnormal. After additional woek-up, the child is diagnosed with idiopathic hypercalciuria. What is a common type of medication used for this aliment?

A. Loop diuretics
B. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
C. Thiazide diuretics
D. Potassium-sparing diuretics
E. Osmotic diuretics

Вы когда заводите темы, хоть как-то их наполняйте. Так, что давайте вы первый начнете.:slight_smile:

Ok budu sledovati vasim sovetam, esli ese pomojete, dadite kakuiuto ideiu to budu blagodaren :flo:

What diuretic decrease excretion of calcium and thus can be used for idiopathic hypercalciuria?

Тиазиды

Sorry. Когда писала ответ, вашего вопроса еще не было.

A 54-year-old male develops congestive heart failure after suffering his second myocardial infarction. His physician puts him on a regimen of several medications, including FUROSEMIDE. On follow-up, the patient is found to have HYPOKALEMIE, likely secondary to furosemide use. The addition of which medication would likely resolve the problem of hypokalemia, while helping to treat the underlying condition, congestive heart failure?

A. Allopurinol
B. Hydrochlorothiazide
C. Spironolactone
D. Acetazolamide
E. Ethacrynic acid

Adverse effect of loop diuretics how FUROSEMID is hypotension and volume depletion, as well as HYPOKALEMIA…

Вы что диуретики сейчас проходите?:slight_smile:
Мой ответ C.

Da, povtoreaiu po ciuciuti. Hociu s oseni naceati citati zanovo vse :slight_smile: no uje s nailucisim angliiskim i skorosti ctenia budet esstesvenno bistree

Otvet C pravilinii.

A 66-year-old female suffers a myocardial infarction while in the hospital and immediately goes into RESPIRATORY DISTRESS. Upon examination you realize the patient has flash PULMONARY EDEMA as a result of her infarction. Along with the management of the the myocardial infarction, you start the patient on FUROSEMIDE therapy to treat pulmonary edema. What is the mechanism of action of this agent?

A. Inhibition of action of aldosterone by binding to its receptor in principal cells of the collecting duct
B. Reduction of bicarbonate reabsorbion and concomitant sodium uptake
C. Inhibion of active reabsorbion of sodium chloride at distal convoluted tubule
D. Alteration of the diffusion of water relative to sodium and thereby reducing sodium reabsobtion
E. Inhibion of active reabsorbtion of sodium chloride at the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle

E

Otvet E pravilinii
Vot i explanation:
Loop diuretics inhibit active NACL reabsorbtion in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle by inhibiting a specific NA+/K+/CL- cotransporter.

A 66-year-old male presents to your office with a 5-month history of DRY COUGH. He denies any other symptoms. His past medical history includes a recent myocardial infarction, after which he was placed on several medications. He does not smoke, nor has he had a history of asthma. You decide that a medication side effect is the most likely cause of this patient’s symptoms. Which medication might this be?

A. Lisinopril
B. Nitroglycerin
C. Lovastatin
D. Digoxin
E. Quinidine

Nitroglycerin can cause headaches
Digoxin can cause arrhytmias :pardon:

Ингибиторы АПФ могут вызвать сухой кашель, это одно из их побочных действий, поэтому A.

A 37-year-old male presents with fever, malaise, and right upper quadrant pain. Blood tests reveal that she has an increase in her liver enzymes. As well , hepatitis serology indicates that she has hepatitis B virus (HBV). Which of the following agents can be used in the management of this virus?

A. Lamivudine
B. Zidovudine
C. Rivavirin
D. Interferon @
E. Acyclovir

Ribavirin and interferon @ can be used in the treatment of hepatitis C, an RNA virus…

Vopros iz Physiology !!!

Cutting which structure on the right side causes blindness in the temporal field of the left eye and the nasal field of the right eye ???

A. Optic nerve
B. Optic chiasm
C. Optic tract
D. Geniculocalcarine tract

D. Geniculocalcarine tract :blush: